Friday, October 2, 2015

Catch 51

The philosophy of English philosopher John Stuart Mills is not my cup of tea.  Utilitarianism and its approach to decisions centers on the goal of achieving the greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people.  Before going into my problem with this philosophy, let’s start simple.  In everyday life people are faced with decisions.  Some decisions are simple, while others are complex.  Mills would agree that every situation is different, but points out that humans have the ability to group certain decisions into general categories.  This mechanism of human rationality is twofold.  First, it cuts down on the time it takes for us to analyze every situation and process the infinite amount of possible consequences.  Secondly, it adds to the world a sense of predictability and consistency.
          While I agree with this all on an individual basis for decision making, I have a real issue with the extrapolation.  If it is a universal law that morality ought to be based on what is advantageous to the most people then how does this apply to the world?  If hypothetically the whole world was under a single rational order, would this same concept apply?  My stance is that accepting this philosophy universally will inevitably lead to immorality.
          Wishing for the most good for the most people puts us in a catch 51 dilemma.  It reduces morality to that of a math equation.  If x > y then we must choose x under all circumstances according to Mill.  If this is the case, a host of questions can be asked of how society is arranged.  Is it fair that a small population owns most of the wealth?  How about, is it moral?  If not, is it even moral to have distinct countries and borders?  In each of these, there arises a conflict between the basic desires and wants of individuals and the good of the rest.  This is why I don’t think morality can be based solely on the consequences of peoples actions.
          While Mills might retort that this argument is non-unique to his philosophy, or that no Utilitarianism ought to cultivate certain beauties of character, I argue this is nothing short of sleight of hand.  To get himself out of this hole, he shifts the problem rather than refute it.  How can someone claim to ‘cultivate certain beauties’ if there isn’t a way to independently determine what those beauties are?  In the end, independence is the problem.  Mills and his philosophy can never truly be objective.  If you’re part of the 49% you’re simply out of luck.

2 comments:

  1. I agree with your position on English philosopher John Stuart Mills. I think that Utilitarianism is a dangerous philosophical approach because it espouses a position that the best decision is the one that affects the most good for the people like you discussed before. I think this makes sense in a theoretical sense but does not apply in the real world in applicable way because it would result in a certain level of immorality. I agree with your position that morality can also not be categorized just off of one’s actions. This approach also strikes me as somewhat communistic. I do agree that independence is the real question here and a system like this no person truly has it.

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  2. I agree with your position on English philosopher John Stuart Mills. I think that Utilitarianism is a dangerous philosophical approach because it espouses a position that the best decision is the one that affects the most good for the people like you discussed before. I think this makes sense in a theoretical sense but does not apply in the real world in applicable way because it would result in a certain level of immorality. I agree with your position that morality can also not be categorized just off of one’s actions. This approach also strikes me as somewhat communistic. I do agree that independence is the real question here and a system like this no person truly has it.

    ReplyDelete

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